![]() ![]() Red light, for instance, has a longer wavelength than blue light, so it bends more than blue light does. The angle at which the light bends is proportional to the wavelength of the light. Where the trough of one wave overlaps with the crest of another wave, the waves cancel each other out, and you see a dark band. Where the crest of one wave overlaps with the crest of another wave, the two waves combine to make a bigger wave, and you see a bright blob of light. The light waves that go through the slit spread out, overlap, and add together, producing the diffraction pattern you see. The black bands between the blobs of light show that a wave is associated with the light. Rotate each object while you look through it. Look at the light through a piece of cloth, a feather, a diffraction grating, or a piece of metal screen. ![]() Rotate the hair and watch the line of blobs rotate. Move the hair until it is between your eye and the light source, and notice that the light is spread into a line of blobs by the hair, just as it was by the slit. Stretch a hair tight and hold it about 1 inch (2.5 cm) from your eye. Notice that the blobs have blue and red edges and that the blue edges are closer to the light source. As you squeeze the slit together, the blobs of light grow larger and spread apart, moving away from the central light source and becoming easier to see. If you look closely you may see that the line is composed of tiny blobs of light. While looking through the slit, rotate the pencils until they are horizontal, and notice that the line of light becomes vertical. Notice that there is a line of light perpendicular to the slit. Squeeze the pencils together, making the slit smaller. Hold both pencils close to one eye (about 1 inch away) and look at the light source through the slit between the pencils. The tape wrapped around one pencil should keep the pencils slightly apart, forming a thin slit between them, just below the tape. Hold up the two pencils, side by side, with the erasers at the top. (Brooks/Cole, California).Place the light on a stable surface at least one arm’s length away from you. Diffraction also occurs in a bending movement where the wave becomes more spread out This pattern is unique to the type of crystal and can be used to identify the molecule that makes the crystal. The crystal diffracts the X-ray and makes a diffraction pattern. In X-ray crystallography, X-rays are aimed on a crystal. Diffraction gratings are used in many analytical chemistry tools, such as a spectrometer.ĭiffraction can also be used to look at molecules using X-ray crystallography. Diffraction gratings work because different wavelengths of light will constructively interfere at different angles. A diffraction grating can be a series of closely-spaced slits or a mirror with a series of small grooves. Uses of diffraction ĭiffraction can be used to separate different wavelengths of light using a diffraction grating. The strongest examples of diffraction occur in waves where the wavelength is similar to the size of the object causing diffraction. These patterns of interference rely on the size of the diffracting object and the size of the wave. When interference is destructive, the intensity will decrease, sometimes to a point where it is completely destroyed. When interference is constructive, the intensity of the wave will increase. Interference can be either constructive or destructive. ![]() This shift will cause the wave to have interference with itself. The wave that passed through the slits was diffracted and will interfere with itself.ĭiffraction is caused by one wave of light being shifted by a diffracting object. ![]()
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